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Editorial standards

Under our editorial standards, every LangLibra page is written by a person, checked line by line against authoritative sources by a second editor, and corrected in the open. This page shows that process in detail, so you can judge what you read.

Published by Kalenux Corrections: editorial@langlibra.com Last reviewed October 2026
Draft 2 · Punctuation rules

Commas with independent clauses1

Put a comma before and, but or so when it joins two clauses that could each stand alone as a sentence.2

The report is late, but the data is final.3

✓ Approved, second editor
  1. 1Define the term the first time it appears.
  2. 2Rule checked against The Chicago Manual of Style, 18th ed.
  3. 3Example tested: both halves are full sentences.
A draft at the accuracy stage. Each note in the margin is a check the reviewing editor makes before a page can be published.

Five editorial commitments

Everything else on this page follows from these five sentences. If a page breaks one of them, that is an error, and you can report it.

We check every claim against an authority.

Rules, translations and facts are verified in a primary reference work, not copied from another website. If two authorities disagree, the page says so and explains both.

A person writes every page.

Each guide, lesson and template has a human author with expertise in the subject, and a second editor who approves it before publication.

We test what we teach.

Templates are written for real situations, examples are read aloud, and each language example is checked by a native-speaker editor.

We correct mistakes in the open.

Material errors are fixed promptly and recorded with a dated note on the page, so you can see what changed and when.

Money never shapes what we say.

There are no sponsored articles and no paid reviews. Advertisers never see a page before it is published.

The life of a page

Every guide, lesson and template goes through the same five stages. On the right of each stage is what that stage leaves behind on the page you read. The fifth stage has no end date: a page stays under review for as long as it is published.

  1. 1

    Research

    We start from primary sources: style manuals, reference grammars, exam specifications and published research. The author lists the sources before writing a word.

    On the page Links to the primary sources behind each claim
  2. 2

    Drafting

    A subject expert writes for a reader who knows nothing yet: every term defined the first time it appears, every rule shown in a worked example.

    On the page Plain-English definitions and worked examples
  3. 3

    Accuracy review

    A second editor checks every claim, example and translation against at least one primary authority. Language examples also go to a native-speaker editor.

    On the page Approved examples with pronunciation and glosses
  4. 4

    Publication

    The page goes live with its publication date and joins the review schedule, so it is checked again as usage, exams and tools change.

    On the page Publication date under the page title
  5. 5

    Ongoing review

    We revise pages when sources, exam formats, usage or tool prices change, and record significant changes with the date.

    On the page Updated date, with a one-line note of what changed

The reference shelf

Every factual claim is checked against at least one primary authority: a reference work that editors, teachers and examiners themselves rely on, rather than another website. These are the works on our shelf, grouped by what they settle.

Chicago Manual of Style AP Stylebook MLA Handbook APA Publication Manual STYLE AND USAGE ISO 9000 standards J. Business Communication Bus. Comm. Quarterly BUSINESS WRITING Written Communication Applied linguistics RESEARCH CEFR, A1 to C2 ТРКИ / TORFL specs DELE specs Goethe specs DELF / DALF specs Reference grammars Dictionaries LANGUAGE TEACHING
The shelf in four groups. Language teaching is the widest because each language brings its own exam specification, reference grammar and dictionary.
Style and usage
The Chicago Manual of Style (18th edition), the AP Stylebook, the MLA Handbook and the APA Publication Manual settle punctuation, grammar, citation and formatting.
Business writing
ISO 9000 documentation standards, the Journal of Business Communication and Business Communication Quarterly shape our templates for reports, procedures and correspondence.
Research
Written Communication and peer-reviewed applied linguistics research inform how we explain writing and how we teach languages.
Language teaching
The Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) sets our levels from A1 to C2. Official exam specifications (ТРКИ for Russian, DELE for Spanish, Goethe-Zertifikat for German, DELF and DALF for French) shape our practice tests. Reference grammars and dictionaries settle forms, stress and meaning.

How a language example is checked

Our language pages assume you know none of the language yet. So every example carries five layers, and a native-speaker editor signs off each one. Pick a language to see the same five layers on a real example.

Я ya I
чита́ю chee-TA-yu read
кни́гу KNEE-goo book

“I’m reading a book.”

Why: книга (book) changes to книгу because it is the direct object, the thing being read. Russian shows that role with an ending, called the accusative case, where English uses word order.

  1. 1 The originalWritten in the language’s own script, with stress marks where the language needs them.
  2. 2 PronunciationAn English-friendly respelling under every word, with the stressed syllable in capitals.
  3. 3 Word-by-word glossThe English meaning of each word, so you can see how the sentence is built.
  4. 4 Natural EnglishWhat a native English speaker would actually say.
  5. 5 The why noteOne plain-English explanation of the grammar the example shows.

Grammar terms such as case, gender or clause are explained in plain English the first time a page uses them. Every example teaches the correct form directly.

People write; software assists

Every page is written, revised and approved by a human editor. We use software the way any careful writer does, and the table shows exactly where the line sits. Software never decides what a page says, which examples it uses, or what it recommends.

TaskEditorSoftware
Choosing topics and what a page teachesDecidesNone
Finding and organising sourcesVerifies each oneAssists
Writing and revising the textWritesNone
Choosing examples, ratings and recommendationsDecidesNone
Translations, pronunciation and glossesWrites; native speaker checksNone
Spelling and grammar checksReviews every changeAssists
Managing citationsChecksAssists
Approving publicationDecidesNone

Independence from advertisers

LangLibra is free, with no accounts and no paywall. It is paid for by display advertising and, on some tool reviews, affiliate links: if you buy through one, we may earn a commission and you pay the same price. A firewall keeps that money away from editorial decisions.

HOW THE SITE IS PAID FOR Display ads (Google AdSense) Disclosed affiliate links Money goes to running the site. EDITORIAL FIREWALL DECIDED BY EDITORS ONLY Topics and what each page teaches Examples, ratings, recommendations Advertisers never see a review before it is published.
Revenue keeps the site running; it never crosses into what a page says or recommends.
  • ✓No paid content. We do not publish sponsored articles or accept payment for reviews or placement.
  • ✓Disclosure first. Pages with affiliate links say so at the top, before the first link.
  • ✓Editors set ratings. Recommendations come from our own testing; companies never see them before publication.
  • ✓Links go to sources. Outbound links point to primary sources wherever one exists.
What the disclosure looks like

This review contains affiliate links. If you buy through one, LangLibra may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. Our ratings are set by editors and are never shown to the companies we review before publication.

It sits at the top of the article, before the first link.

Corrections

The size of a correction decides how visible it is. A wrong rule or translation is a material error, and it gets a dated note on the page. We never delete a page to hide a mistake.

  1. A factual or teaching errorA wrong rule, form, stress mark or translation. Corrected promptly, then a second editor checks the whole section again.You see: a dated correction note at the end of the page
  2. An outdated detailA changed exam format, tool price or feature. Updated during review.You see: the updated date at the top of the page
  3. A typo or broken linkFixed without a note, because it does not change what the page teaches.You see: the corrected text
Correction · with the date of the fix An earlier version of this guide gave the wrong stress for one example. The stress mark and audio have been corrected, and a second editor has checked the full table again.
A specimen correction note, as it appears at the end of a page.

Report an error

Email editorial@langlibra.com. We reply within one to two business days. Copying this outline gives the editor everything needed to check your report straight away.

To: editorial@langlibra.com 
Page address:
https://langlibra.com/…

What the page says:
(copy the sentence or example)

What it should say:

Your source (if you have one):
(a reference grammar, style guide, dictionary or exam specification)
What happens next
  1. 1We reply within one to two business days to confirm we have your report.
  2. 2An editor checks it against the page’s primary sources, and a native speaker for language examples.
  3. 3We fix the page and add a dated correction note if the error was material.
  4. 4We tell you what changed, or why the page was already right, with the source.