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Japanese · Skills · A1 to C1

The JLPT: Japan’s language proficiency test

N5≈ CEFR A1pass: 80 / 180N4≈ CEFR A2pass: 90 / 180N3≈ CEFR B1pass: 95 / 180N2≈ CEFR B2pass: 90 / 180N1≈ CEFR C1pass: 100 / 180Five levels, N5 (easiest) to N1. Each is scored out of 180.
CEFR equivalents are approximate. Because the JLPT has no speaking or writing, it measures receptive skills only.

Short answer: the JLPT (日本語能力試験, Nihongo Nōryoku Shiken) is the most widely taken Japanese test, held twice a year, usually in July and December, in Japan and many other countries. It has five levels from N5 to N1 and tests reading and listening only: there is no speaking or writing section. Results are pass or fail with a score, and certificates do not expire.

What each level means

Official descriptions, summarised, with the parts of this course that prepare you.

LevelYou canCourse stages
N5read kana and basic kanji, understand slow everyday phrasesScript, first words, sentence basics
N4follow everyday conversation on familiar topics+ describing and doing, everyday topics
N3read everyday material, follow near-natural speech+ building sentences
N2read newspapers, follow a range of natural speech+ upper grammar, media
N1read complex texts, follow fast speech on any topic+ real Japanese, advanced skills

The sections

Every level tests the same three areas, grouped slightly differently.

Language knowledge: vocabulary
Grammar and reading
Listening

How passing works

You need the total pass mark and a minimum in every section, so you cannot pass on reading alone.

How long each level takes

Rough study hours from zero, for learners whose first language uses an alphabet. Learners who know Chinese characters usually need fewer.

LevelKanjiApprox. hours
N5about 100 kanji≈ 300 to 500 hours
N4about 300≈ 600 to 800
N3about 650≈ 1,000 to 1,300
N2about 1,000≈ 1,600 to 2,000
N1about 2,000≈ 3,000+

On the test day

Words you will see on the voucher and in the room.

Check yourself

Try each one, then open the answer to check and hear it.

  1. the Japanese name of the JLPT
    Show answer
    Nihongo Nōryoku Shiken
  2. I passed N2.
    Show answer
    Enu ni ni gōkaku shimashita.
  3. the listening section
    Show answer
    chōkai

Beyond the JLPT

The JLPT does not test speaking or writing, which this course teaches to C2. Employers and universities in Japan often ask for N2 or N1 alongside an interview.

日本語能力試験にほんごのうりょくしけんNihongo Nōryoku ShikenJLPTのno’sN2えぬにenu niN2にni(goal)合格しましたごうかくしましたgōkaku shimashitapassed
Nihongo Nōryoku Shiken no enu ni ni gōkaku shimashita.“I passed JLPT N2.”Why: 〜に合格する: pass (an exam).
次つぎtsuginextはwa(topic)N1えぬいちenu ichiN1をo(object)受けよううけようukeyōlet’s takeとto(quote)思っていますおもっていますomotte imasuam thinking
Tsugi wa enu ichi o ukeyō to omotte imasu.“I’m planning to take N1 next.”Why: 受ける: take (an exam).

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